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Whose Hands Built Hill Top: A Social History

Written by Sandra
Published November 2022
Updated August 2026
Reading time 5 minutes
Category Social History
The working side of Hill Top Farm, still in daily use.

Gillian looks at Hill Top and sees a document. I look at it and see a workplace — and workplaces are where I always want to start, because they tell you who actually did the work, not just whose name ended up on the book cover.

So this isn't really a piece about Beatrix Potter the author. It's about the farm underneath her, and the people who kept it standing.


A tenancy before it was hers

The working buildings at Hill Top — still doing the job they were built for.

When Beatrix bought Hill Top in 1905, she didn't move in and start farming it herself. She kept on the existing tenant farmer, John Cannon, and his family stayed living and working there for several years while she learned from them.


The Herdwick Sheep Breeders' Association, properly told

Beatrix earned her way into that world by doing the unglamorous, physical, repetitive work of actually farming. She was elected president-designate of the Association in March 1943 — not simply "made president" as it's often told — and she died that December, before she could take up the role the following spring.


The women who aren't in the guidebooks

Farms of that size and period ran on domestic labour too — cooks, housekeepers, dairy work — almost always done by women whose names didn't survive the way Beatrix's did. I can't give you her name. Nobody kept it. But I think naming the gap is its own kind of honesty.


Tenancy, then and now

Amy Dixon talking flock management with a private tour group — no script, just the working knowledge.

She left the farm to the National Trust specifically so it would keep being worked. Today Amy Dixon farms it under a tenancy that's now run over thirty-five years in that family. On our private tours, Amy takes small groups round the working farm herself.


A community, not a stage

Castle Cottage, where Beatrix and William Heelis actually lived as a married couple from 1913, is a five-minute walk away — she kept her working life at Hill Top and her domestic life at Castle Cottage quite deliberately separate.


A practical note

Hill Top is closed on Fridays. If that's your day, I'll happily take you further into the working landscape around it instead.


Meet Amy Dixon's flock in person on our private tours. See private tour options.

Questions people ask

Did Beatrix Potter farm Hill Top herself right away?
No — she kept on the existing tenant farmer, John Cannon, for several years and learned the farming from him first.
Was Beatrix Potter really the first woman president of the Herdwick Sheep Breeders' Association?
She was elected president-designate in March 1943, but died that December, before she could take office the following spring.
Who farms Hill Top today?
Amy Dixon, under a National Trust tenancy that has now run over 35 years in her family, continuing to farm the Herdwick flock.

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Sandra

Guide & Driver — Social History

Sandra came to guiding via years in social care, and it shows — she has a gift for making history feel like it happened to real people. The Industrial Revolution, both World Wars, gardens, modern novels — ask her anything. One of our licensed drivers, so the stories never have to stop.